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:''For ships that are not original see Ship replica. For preserved incomplete ships see Ships preserved in museums''. A museum ship, or sometimes memorial ship, is a ship that has been preserved and converted into a museum open to the public, for educational or memorial purposes. Some are also used for training and recruitment purposes, a use found mostly with the small number of museum ships that are still operational, ''i.e.'', capable of regular movement.〔(Activities of the Historic Naval Ships Association ) (the international Historic Naval Ships Association website. Accessed 2008-06-06.)〕 There are several hundred museum ships around the world, with around 175 of them organised in the Historic Naval Ships Association〔(About The Historic Naval Ships Association ) (the international Historic Naval Ships Association website. Accessed 2008-06-06.)〕 though there are also many non-naval museum ships as well, from general merchant ships to tugs and lightships. Many, if not most, museum ships are also associated with a maritime museum. ==Significance== Despite the long history of sea travel, the ravages of the elements and the expense of maintenance result in the eventual destruction of nearly all ships ever built, often by sinking, usually by being broken up and sold for scrap. Only a few survive, sometimes because of historical significance, but more often due to luck and circumstance. Since an old ship tied up at dockside, without attention, still decays and eventually sinks, the practice of recent years has been to form some sort of preservation society, solicit donations from governments or private individuals, organize volunteer labor from the enthusiasts, and open the restored ship to visitors, usually for a fee. The restoration and maintenance of museum ships presents problems for historians who are asked for advice, and the results periodically generate some controversy. For instance, the rigging of sailing ships has almost never survived, and so the rigging plan must be reconstructed from various sources. Studying the ships also allows historians to analyze how life on and operation of the ships took place.〔(''Museum ships built in 1999: Remarks on the reconstruction of historical inland and sea-going vessels'' (abstract) ) - Ingo Heidbrink, Ingo; Deutsches Schiffahrtsarchiv (DSA) 22, 1999, Page 43–58〕 Numerous scientific papers have been written on ship restoration and maintenance, and international conferences are held discussing the latest developments.〔(Conference Proceedings ) (from the 'Third International Conference on the Technical Aspects of the Preservation of Historic Vessels' (1997) webpage on the San Francisco Maritime Park Association website)〕 Some years ago, the Barcelona Charter was signed by a variety of international owner organizations of traditional vessels, and provides certain accepted minimum criteria for the restoration and operation of traditional watercraft still in operation.〔''The "Barcelona Charter", European Charter for the Conservation and Restoration of Traditional Ships in Operation'' - Ingo Heidbrink (editor), Bremen (Hauschildt Verlag, 2003〕 Another consideration is the distinction between a "real" museum ship, and a ship replica. As repairs accumulate over time, less and less of the ship is of the original materials, and the lack of old parts (or even "appropriate" work tools) may lead to the use of modern "short-cuts" (such as welding a metal plate instead of riveting it, as would be the case during the ships historical period).〔''(Conserving Unique and Historic Ships )'' - Kearon, John; Head of Shipkeeping, Industrial and Land Transport Conservation, Merseyside Maritime Museum, paper from the Third International Conference on the Technical Aspects of the Preservation of Historic Vessels (1997) webpage on the San Francisco Maritime Park Association website〕 Visitors without historical background are also often unable to distinguish between a historical museum ship and a (more-or-less historically relevant) ship replica, which may serve solely as a tourist attraction.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Museum ship」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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